Study on Isolation and Comparison of the Chemical Compositions of Cissus adnata Roxb. leaves and Smilax lanceaefolia Roxb. Roots and Their Free Radical Scavenging Activities

The extracts from Cissus adnata Roxb. leaves and Smilax lanceaefolia Roxb. roots have been used as medicinal remedies to promote dissolution and expulsion of urinary calculi. From methanol extract of the leaves of Cissus adnata, three compounds, namely, CSM1 (a triterpenoid), CSM2 (a flavonoid) and CSM3 (apigenin) were isolated. Whereas six compounds, namely, β-sitosterol, β-siosterol-D-glucoside, SL1 (a flavonoid), SL2 (a terpenoid), SL3 (a saponin) and SL4 (a glycoside) were isolated from the roots of Smilax lanceaefolia. A comparative study of the chemical components present and antioxidant activities of Smilax lanceaefolia roots and that of Cissus adnata leaves is also reported by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and β-Carotene-linoleate methods. The comparative study of the chemical components present and antioxidant activities of the two plants showed that the isolated compounds were found to have moderate to high free radical scavenging activities.