Estimation of Low Radiation Doses Effects by Using Tumor Markers

The concern regarding the impact of radiation on workers in various occupations, especially in terms of cancer risk as a stochastic consequence, is significant. This chapter aims to explore the influence of minimal radiation exposure on tumor marker tests among those working with radiation. It also aims to elucidate how certain factors such as exposure dose, smoking habits, Hospital locations, and job type affect tumor marker levels. The study analyzes tumor marker data spanning from 2013 to 2019 from four government hospitals, alongside exposure dose records obtained from the Energy Department. Additionally, a questionnaire was administered to gather associated independent variables alongside tumor marker data, with 78 radiation workers participating in the study. The analysis indicates a general trend of tumor marker elevation within normal limits over the years, with Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) showing an approximate 57% increase among radiation workers. Notably, there was a significant statistical difference in CEA levels among smokers. However, no apparent correlation between radiation doses and tumor markers was found. This study marks the first attempt to investigate the relationship between tumor markers and low radiation doses in occupational settings. The researchers suggest that these findings bridge existing gaps in understanding low-dose effects and underscore the importance of medical tests in anticipating such effects. Further studies are warranted to refine these findings.